SF90 Stradale의 스파이더 버전 인 Ferrari SF90 Spider는 전용 디지털 이벤트에서 공개되었습니다. 이 특별한 온라인 이벤트는 전 세계의 Ferraristi에게 자동차의 혁신적인 기능에 대한 독점적 인 소개와 개발에 대한 심층적 인 정보를 제공했습니다.
Prancing Horse의 첫 번째 생산 플러그인 하이브리드 스파이더 인 SF90 스파이더는 브랜드 범위뿐만 아니라 전체 스포츠카 부문에 대한 새로운 성능 및 혁신 벤치 마크를 설정합니다. 새로운 컨버터블은 SF90 Stradale과 동일한 극한의 슈퍼카 사양과 기록적인 성능을 제공하면서도 Ferrari의 시그니처 리 트랙터 블 하드탑 아키텍처의 최신 반복 덕분에 믹스에 드라이빙의 즐거움과 다양성을 더합니다. 따라서 SF90 Spider는 페라리 기술의 정점을 요구하지만 여전히 오픈 탑 주행의 스릴을 원하는 소유자에게 이상적인 자동차입니다.
리 트랙터 블 하드 탑 (RHT)은 최적의 소음 차단 및 올릴 때 요소로부터 보호를 보장하고 고속에서 변형되지 않으며 탁월한 탑승자 공간과 편안함을 제공하기 때문에 다시 채택되었습니다. RHT는 매우 콤팩트하고 단순하며 가벼워 단 14 초만에 작동 할 수 있으며 차량이 이동 중일 때 배치 할 수 있습니다. 2011 년 458 스파이더에서 첫 선을 보인 페라리 RHT의 성공 비결은 그동안 지속적으로 진화해온 페라리 RHT가 필요한 150-200 리터가 아닌 100 리터의 공간을 차지한다는 것입니다. 전통적인 시스템. 구조에 알루미늄을 사용한다는 것은 기존의 접이식 하드 탑보다 약 40kg 가볍다는 의미이기도합니다. 조정 가능한 전기식 뒷창은 RHT를 낮출 때 고속에서도 뛰어난 탑승자의 편안함을 보장합니다.
SF90 Stradale의 경우와 마찬가지로 Ferrari SF90 Spider는 트랙 카의 직업을 극한으로 끌어 올리고 자하는 소유자를위한 추가 사양 옵션으로도 제공됩니다. Assetto Fiorano 팩에는 페라리의 GT 레이싱 경험에서 파생되고 트랙 사용에 최적화 된 멀티 매틱 충격 흡수 장치, 특히 표준 차량과 차별화되는 독점 업그레이드 목록이 포함되어 있습니다. 다른 제품으로는 차량의 무게를 21kg 줄인 고성능 소재 (탄소 섬유 및 티타늄 등), 탄소 섬유 리어 스포일러 및 도로에서 트랙 성능을 개선하도록 설계된 도로 인증 미쉐린 파일럿 스포츠 컵 2 타이어가 포함됩니다. 더 부드러운 화합물과 적은 홈 덕분에 건조합니다. 마지막으로 Assetto Fiorano는 자동차의 경주 직업을 더욱 강조하는 선택적인 투톤 장식을 제공합니다.
파워 트레인
Ferrari 생산 스파이더의 첫 번째로 SF90 Spider는 내연 기관이 RAC-e (코너링 각도 조절기, 전기) 시스템을 구성하는 두 개의 전기 모터가 전면에 통합 된 플러그인 하이브리드 아키텍처를 가지고 있습니다. 후면에있는 하나는 Prancing Horse Formula 1 혁신 인 MGUK (Motor Generator Unit, Kinetic)에서 파생 된 이름입니다. 내연 기관과 전기 모터의 시너지 효과를 통해 자동차는 최대 1,000 cv를 발휘할 수 있으며 SF90 Spider는 페라리로드 카 제품군의 맨 위에있을뿐만 아니라 해당 범주 인.
Ferrari SF90 Spider의 파워 트레인 아키텍처는 V8 터보 ICE, E-diff 기능이있는 8 단 DCT, RAC-e 전기 프론트 액슬, 모든 전기 추진력을 제공하는 2 개의 독립 전기 모터, MGUK 전기 모터가 후면에 있습니다. 엔진과 기어 박스 사이, 고전압 배터리 및 전기 모터 제어 시스템 ((인버터).
거대한 780 cv (및 195 cv / l 특정 출력) 외에도 V8은 페라리가 지금까지 만든 다른 V8 터보보다 60 cv 더 많은 성능을 발휘합니다. 이 놀라운 결과를 제공하기 위해 Ferrari의 엔지니어는 흡기 및 배기 시스템을 완전히 재 설계했습니다. 내부 유체 역학을 개선하기 위해 이제 덕트가 모두 엔진 헤드 높이에서 수평으로 정렬되고 터보 차저 어셈블리가 낮아졌으며 배기 라인이 더 높아졌습니다. 이 합리화는 또한 배기 매니 폴드에 강철 대신 인코넬을 사용하여 무게 중심을 낮추고 전체 무게를 줄였습니다.
Ferrari SF90 Spider는 SF90 Stradale에서 출시 된 완전히 재 설계된 8 단 오일 배스 듀얼 클러치 기어 박스를 자랑합니다. 드라이 섬프와 7 단 기어 박스보다 20 % 더 작은 외경을 가진 훨씬 더 콤팩트 한 클러치 어셈블리를 통해 달성 된 최적화 된 레이아웃은 차량에 설치된 높이에서 15mm를 줄였습니다. 이것은 차례로 러닝 기어의 무게 중심을 같은 양만큼 낮 춥니 다. 8 단 기어를 추가하고 최대 토크 900Nm (현재 7 단에서 20 % 이상 증가)을 전달해야하지만 기어 박스의 전체 중량은 실제로 이전 모델보다 10kg 더 낮습니다. 클러치의 성능은 7 단보다 35 % 높으며 기어 변속시 최대 1,200 Nm의 동적 토크를 전달합니다. 차세대 작동 유압 장치 덕분에
사운드 트랙은 페라리 운전의 짜릿한 즐거움의 중추적 요소 중 하나이기 때문에 배기 시스템을 재 설계 할 때 음질에 세심한주의를 기울였습니다. 사운드를 조종석으로보다 직접 전달하는 "핫 튜브 시스템"의 도입은 전체 주파수 범위에서 더 풍부하고 풍부한 고조파를 생성하여 이전 페라리 V8에 비해 회전 수가 증가함에 따라 차내 음질과 강도를 모두 향상 시켰습니다.
SF90 Spider의 하이브리드 시스템의 전력 흐름은 두 가지 주요 영역으로 나눌 수 있습니다.
엔진 제어 시스템과 하이브리드 제어 시스템에 의해 처리되고 전자 제어 시스템에 의해 지속적으로 모니터링되는 가속 페달을 통한 운전자 입력을 기반으로하는 동력 전달. 전력 공급 모드는 다음과 같이 나눌 수 있습니다. 전기 모드, 프론트 액슬에 위임 (FWD 모드) ICE 및 MGUK에 위임 된 하이브리드 모드 (RWD 구성) 4WD 하이브리드 모드, 코너를 빠져 나가는 트랙션 요구 사항 및 리프트 오프 / 제동시 에너지 회수를 위해 주문형 전기 프론트 액슬 사용 가능 에너지 회수 (배터리 충전), 세 가지 전략을 사용하여 하이브리드 시스템의 제어 로직에 의해 전적으로 관리됩니다.
회생 제동, 표준 제동 하에서 그리고 ABS가 활성화 된 경우 두 축 모두에서 사용 가능 오버 브레이킹, 가속 페달을 밟을 때 양쪽 차축에서 활성화, 좌우 앞바퀴에서 독립적으로 관리 ICE 재충전 : ICE와 후방 MGUK 전기 모터 사이의 부하 지점 이동에 의해 달성 된 배터리 충전 기능. 정상적인 제동 조건에서는 전기 모터를 사용한 에너지 회수가 우선입니다. 유압 제동 시스템이 모든 급감 속 조건에서 전기식 제동 시스템을 지원하기 위해 개입합니다. 고속 및 고속 기어에서 높은 그립 조건에서 전기 모터의 결합 된 기여는 ICE의 응답 시간을 낮추는 데 도움이되므로 종 방향 가속과 성능이 크게 향상됩니다.
SF90 스파이더 주행 경험에서 하이브리드 시스템 전력 관리가 중추적 인 역할을 수행하기 때문에 전통적인 Manettino는 이제 eManettino라고하는 추가 스티어링 휠 장착 선택기가 측면에 위치합니다.이 선택기는 고전압 배터리와 전력 흐름을 관리합니다. 바퀴 (견인). 운전자에게 4 가지 모드를 선택할 수 있습니다.
eDrive : 내연 기관은 꺼져 있고 트랙션은 전적으로 전기 프론트 액슬에 맡깁니다. 완전히 충전 된 배터리 (용량 7.9kWh)로 시작하여 차량은이 모드에서 최대 25km까지 주행 할 수 있으며, 이는 도심 주행 또는 운전자가 페라리의 소리를 제거하려는 기타 상황에 이상적입니다. V8. 135km / h 속도 제한은 차를 외곽 도로에서도 사용할 수 있음을 의미합니다. 하이브리드 :이 설정은 시스템의 전반적인 효율성을 최적화합니다. 제어 로직은 내연 기관의 작동을 유지하거나 끌지 여부를 자율적으로 결정합니다. 전기 모터의 전력 흐름은 배터리 전력을 절약하기 위해 제한됩니다. 성능 :이 모드는 효율성보다 배터리 충전에 우선 순위가 있기 때문에 ICE를 계속 실행합니다. 이를 통해 필요할 때 즉시 전원을 완전히 사용할 수 있습니다. 이 모드는 운전의 즐거움과 운전의 즐거움이 주된 초점 인 상황에 가장 적합합니다. Qualify :이 모드를 사용하면 전기 모터가 최대 전위 (162kW)에서 작동하도록하여 시스템이 최대 전력 출력을 달성 할 수 있습니다. 제어 로직은 배터리 충전보다 최대 성능을 우선시합니다. 차량 역학
To make full use of the powertrain unit's power, the engineers developed vehicle dynamics systems that guarantee improvement not just in terms of pure performance and lap times, but also simultaneously ensure that drivers of all kinds can fully enjoy the car's potential and have fun behind the wheel. The new hybrid architecture required extensive integration work on the car's many different control logics, including the high-voltage system controls (battery, RAC-e, MGUK, inverter), the powertrain, and vehicle dynamics controls (traction, braking, Torque Vectoring).
이러한 영역을 기존 차량 제어 로직과 통합함으로써 새로운 eSSC (electronic Side Slip Control) 차량 역학 제어 시스템이 개발되었습니다. 새로운 원칙은 네 바퀴 모두에 대한 엔진 토크에 대한 세 가지 혁신적인 동적 조절 및 분배 전략입니다.
전자식 트랙션 컨트롤 (eTC) : ICE 및 전기식 토크의 가용성을 최적으로 관리하여 주행 조건 및 그립 요구 사항에 맞게 개별 휠에 분배합니다. 토크 벡터링 : 코너링시 외부 및 내부 휠의 전기 트랙션을 관리하기 위해 프론트 액슬에서 사용 가능하여 코너에서 나오는 트랙션을 최대화하고 쉽고 자신감있는 고성능 주행을 보장합니다. Brake-by-wire control with ABS/EBD: splits braking torque between the hydraulic system and the electric motors (brake torque blending), allowing regenerative recovery under braking which boosts performance and brake feel. 하이브리드 아키텍처는 무게 관리 측면에서 어려움을 입증했습니다. 추가로 270kg의 하이브리드 시스템이 전달 된 추가 출력 (220cv, 시스템 단독의 무게 / 출력 비율이 1.23kg / cv)에 의해 충분히 보상되었습니다. 전체 중량을 1,670kg으로 낮추어 1.67kg / cv의 중량 / 출력 비율을 보장하기 위해 나머지 차량에도 광범위한 최적화 및 중량 감소 작업이 필요했습니다. 또한 RAC-e 전동 액슬은 코너링시 안정성과 견인력을 크게 개선하여 운전자가 한계에서 자신있게 운전할 수 있도록 돕고 약 200kg의 "동등한 중량 감소"를 제공하므로 중량감을 더욱 완화합니다.
섀시는 새로운 전원 장치 및 AWD 도입과 관련된 추가 스트레스를 처리하기 위해 완전히 재 설계되었습니다. 여러 첨단 기술과 혁신이 도입되었으며, 특히 캐빈과 엔진 사이의 모든 탄소 섬유 격벽이 있습니다. SF90 스파이더 섀시는 무게 증가없이 이전 플랫폼보다 30 % 더 높은 비틀림 강성을 자랑하며, 이는 차량의 동적 성능에 큰 영향을 미쳤습니다.
공기 역학
SF90 Stradale이 페라리 제품군의 공기 역학적 성능 수준을 재정의 한 것처럼, Ferrari SF90 Spider는 제공되는 결과의 한계를 한층 더 높이고 있습니다. 플랫폼 설계의 초기 단계에서 자동차의 공기 역학적 개발을 이끈 목표는 세 가지였습니다. RHT를 배치 한 상태에서 SF90 Stradale의 성능 수준을 유지하고, RHT를 후퇴 한 상태에서 공기 역학적 난류와 소음을 최소화하고, 엔진 베이의 흐름을 최적화하는 것입니다. .
공기 역학 부서와 Ferrari Design 사이의 시너지 관계는 카테고리의 다른 어떤 자동차와도 비교할 수없는 다운 포스와 효율성 수치를 산출했습니다. 다시 한번, 그들은 전형적인 페라리 방식으로 달성되었습니다. 즉, 자동차의 형태를 손쉽게 스포티 함의 구체화로 조각함으로써 달성되었습니다. SF90 스파이더의 에어로 디자인의 주요 특징은 리어의 차단 거니, 리어 액슬에 걸쳐 다운 포스를 변화시키는 능동 제어 시스템, 와류 발생기 스트 레이크가있는 프론트 언더 바디, 윙 프로파일 (블로운 지오메트리)이있는 단조 휠을 포함합니다. 성능 측면에서 결과는 정말 인상적입니다. 특별한 Assetto Fiorano 사양으로 250km / h의 코너링에서 발생하는 390kg의 엄청난 다운 포스입니다.
Ferrari SF90 Spider 드라이버가 공기 역학적 항력 및 다운 포스 계수에 부정적인 영향을주지 않고 효율적이고 타협하지 않고 사용할 수있는 엄청난 1,000cv를 즐길 수 있도록 엔진, 기어 박스, 터보 차저, 배터리 팩, 전기 모터, 인버터, 충전 시스템 및 물론 브레이크.
예를 들어, 엔진 베이에는 거의 900 ° C의 온도를 생성하는 일반적인 내연 기관과 온도에 매우 민감한 전자 부품이 모두 들어 있습니다. RHT 컴 파트먼트는 엔진 베이의 열 흐름 관리를 근본적으로 변경합니다. 따라서 위쪽으로 향하는 뜨거운 공기가 올바르게 배출되고 경로가 온도에 민감한 전자 부품을 방해하지 않는 것이 필수적입니다.
RHT 컴 파트먼트가 SF90 Stradale의 지붕 바로 뒤에 위치한 통풍구의 기능을 방해했음을 감안하면 SF90 Spider의 후면 스크린에 가로 루버가 삽입되었습니다. 이들은 속도에서 자동차의 공기 역학을 방해하지 않고 효율적인 '굴뚝'역할을하도록 매우 정밀하게 설계되었습니다.
내연 기관과 기어 박스는 앞바퀴 앞에 위치한 두 개의 라디에이터로 냉각됩니다. 라디에이터에서 나오는 뜨거운 공기 흐름은 차의 측면이 아니라 차체의 측면으로 전달됩니다. 이는 뒷바퀴 앞쪽의 공기 흡입구로 들어갈 때 측면을 따라 흐르는 공기 흐름이 더 차가워 지므로 인터쿨러 라디에이터의 효율성이 향상됩니다. 전기 모터와 인버터는 전면 범퍼에 중앙 흡입구가있는 차량 전면에 자체 라디에이터가있는 별도의 회로에 의해 냉각됩니다.
마지막으로 SF90 Spider의 추가 성능 요구 사항을 충족하기 위해 브레이크의 냉각 회로가 완전히 재 설계되었습니다. 새로운 브레이크 캘리퍼는 프론트 용으로 개발되었으며, 통합 된 공기 역학적 부속 장치가있어 프론트 범퍼의 헤드 라이트 바로 아래에있는 특수 공기 흡입구에서 브레이크 패드와 디스크로 더 효율적으로 고하 전 된 공기 흐름을 분배합니다. 리어 브레이크는 뒷바퀴 근처의 차체 하부에있는 두 개의 공기 흡입구에서 나오는 흐름에 의해 냉각됩니다.
SF90 스파이더가 생성하는 다운 포스는 자동차 꼬리에있는 특허받은 에어로 장치 인 차단 거니에 의해 주로 결정됩니다. 쿠페와 동일한 성능을 보장하기 위해 Ferrari 팀은 루프의 부피와 표면을 작업하여 차량의 꼬리쪽으로 공기 역학적 흐름의 방향을 관리해야했습니다. 차단 Gurney는 고정 된 부분과 쐐기 모양의 전면 영역이있는 이동식의 두 부분으로 구성된 매달린 요소입니다. 이 시스템은 속도, 가속도, 스티어링 휠 각도 및 브레이크 페달의 압력과 같은 매개 변수를 초당 수백 번 제어하는 정교한 로직으로 제어되어 더 많은 다운 포스가 필요한 동적 조건을 식별 한 다음 시스템을 즉시 활성화 할 수 있습니다. 두 가지 구성 중 하나를 채택하십시오.
낮은 항력 : 두 섹션은 엔진 커버 위에 정렬되고 매달려 있으며, 고정 요소에 대한 효율적인 페어링 역할을하는 모바일 웨지는 공기가 차단 된 Gurney 위와 아래 모두에 흐르게하여 거의 영향을 미치지 않습니다. 흐름 높은 다운 포스 : 이동식 요소는 낮은 항력 조건에서 공기가 통과 할 수있는 하부 블로우 영역을 낮추고 닫습니다. 이동식 및 고정식 요소는 이제이를 타격하는 흐름을 편향시키고 상당한 양의 추가 다운 포스를 생성 할 수있는 공기 역학적 프로파일을 생성합니다. Rear downforce is balanced at the front of the car by a complex and optimised system of vortex generator strakes. The system has been honed to new extremes on the SF90 Spider: the front section of the chassis is 15 mm higher than the central section of the chassis at the point where the vortex generator strakes are located, thus increasing the amount of air channelled towards them and boosting their effect. In fact, the SF90 Spider's underbody generates more downforce than any other ever made by Ferrari. The two diffusers ahead of the front wheels and the bonnet shape also contribute to generating downforce over the front axle.
특정 공기 역학 연구는 공기 역학 솔루션에 관한 한 더 큰 자유를 허용하는 건설 기술을 사용하여 만들어진 단조 휠의 기하학적 구조로 진행되었습니다. 휠은 스포크 사이에 동일한 간격을두고 날개 프로파일 역할을하도록 설계된 외부 채널에 방사형 요소를 통합합니다. 이러한 프로파일의 형상은 휠이 로터 블레이드처럼 작동하여 휠 아치에서 공기 배출을 매우 효율적으로 촉진하여 전면 디퓨저를 통과하는 흐름에 도움이되는 흡입을 생성한다는 것을 의미합니다. 또한 휠 림을 빠져 나가는 흐름은 측면을 따라 흐르는 세로 흐름과 정렬되어 이동 방향에 대해 일정 각도로 빠져 나가는 공기 질량으로 인한 편차를 줄여 차량의 Cd를 줄입니다.
SF90 스파이더에만 적용되는 것은 조종석에 두 개의 공기 역학적 요소가있어 지붕이 아래로 내려간 상태에서 공기 흐름으로부터 뛰어난 수준의 보호를 보장합니다. 운전석과 조수석 사이에 중앙 트림 섹션이있어 머리와 어깨에서 공기 흐름을 터널 상부의 이중 트림으로 전달합니다. 이 두 솔루션은 본질적으로 드래그 중립적이며 Ferrari의 다른 미드 리어 엔진 스파이더와 동일한 수준의 편안함을 보장합니다.
외부
Ferrari SF90 Spider의 외부 형태 제작은 SF90 Stradale의 개발에 영향을 준 것과 동일한 원리에서 영감을 받아 자동차의 레이싱 직업과 시리즈 생산 슈퍼카 개념을 모두 전달하는 미래적이고 혁신적인 디자인을 만듭니다.
RHT가 배치되면 SF90 Spider의 측면, 전면 및 꼬리는 SF90Stradale과 동일한 독특한 스타일을 갖습니다. 복잡한 레버 시스템에 의해 이동되는 RHT 용 보관함이 아키텍처에 통합되어 있지만 동일한 섀시 강성을 유지하는 것이 중요하다는 점을 감안할 때 이것은 작은 성과가 아닙니다. 이는 토노 커버가 쿠페의 B- 필러와 매끄럽게 통합되도록 차량 표면을 재 조립하여 원래 스타일링 테마를 유지함으로써 달성되었습니다. 모든 페라리 거미의 시그니처 인 승객의 머리 받침 뒤에있는 부벽조차 마치 마치 자동차의 피부 아래에있는 구조에서 나오는 것처럼 조화롭게 통합됩니다.
그 결과 SF90 Stradale의 비율은 RHT를 보관하고 공식적인 양보 없이도 SF90 Spider로 쉽게 이전됩니다. 이것은 지붕의 부피에도 불구하고 뒷창을 통해 엔진이 똑같이 보이는 것을 감안할 때 훨씬 더 놀랍습니다. 자동차 크라운의 보석 인 V8은 RHT를 전개하고 접을 때 모두 선명하게 보입니다. 위에서 보았을 때, 버트레스가 좌석과 정렬되어 있음이 분명하여 RHT를 보관할 때 후방 시야가 향상되고 차량의 2 인승 구성이 더욱 강조됩니다.
온실 영역과 지붕은 기내의 편안함에 영향을주지 않으면 서 항력을 줄이고 불 같은 기질을 강조하는 쿠페의 스타일 솔루션을 갖추고 있습니다. 조종석은 앞으로 이동하고 지붕은 20mm 더 낮으며 A- 포스트는 더 가늘고 앞 유리는 더 긁힘이 있습니다.
SF90 Stradale과 동일한 실루엣을 가진 것 외에도 SF90 Spider는 상단이 아래로 내려갈 때 독특한 역동적 인 매력을 가지고 있습니다. 부벽을 일으키는 롤 후프의 트림.
자동차의 전면은 매우 공격적인 성격을 강조하는 매우 뚜렷한 프로필이 지배합니다. 이 영역의 3 개의 공기 흡입구는 전기 모터 (전방)와 내연 기관 (측면)을 냉각시킵니다. SF90 Spider는 또한 매트릭스 LED 헤드 라이트 기술을 사용하여 능동 빔 제어 덕분에 모든 주행 조건에서 가시성을 향상시킵니다.
자동차의 후면은 배기 라인 레이아웃을 최적화 한 결과 인 높은 배기 파이프가 지배적입니다. 그들의 경쟁 차량 분위기는 SF90 Spider의 트랙에서 영감을 얻은 개성을 강조하기 위해 교묘하게 활용되었습니다. 이 효과는 낮은 꼬리 영역에 의해 더욱 강화됩니다. 더 길쭉한 발광 링은 페라리의 미드 리어 엔진 베를 리 네타에 일반적으로 사용되는 상징적 인 원형 모양에서 급진적으로 분리 된 후미등에 대한보다 수평적인 인식을 만듭니다.
내부
캐빈의 외관과 느낌은 SF90 Stradale에서 큰 도약을 한 HMI의 완전한 재 설계에 의해 크게 좌우되었습니다. 계기는 이제 자동차가 작동하지 않을 때 모든 화면이 완전히 검은 색으로 변하는 대부분 디지털 방식으로되어있어 실내에 매우 미니멀 한 느낌을줍니다. 그러나 스티어링 휠의 엔진 시작 버튼을 누르면 운전석 전체가 빛을 발할 때까지 운전석의 모든 디지털 구성 요소가 점차 생생하게 튀어 나오는 것을 보는 일종의 "행사"가 시작됩니다.
중앙 계기판은 운전자쪽으로 구부러진 단일 16 인치 HD 화면으로 구성되어있어 쉽게 읽을 수 있고 조종석을 감싸는 효과를 강조 할 수 있습니다. 기본 화면에서는 모든 것이 배터리로 둘러싸인 대형 원형 회전 수 카운터가 지배합니다. 충전 표시기. 내비게이션 화면은 회전 카운터의 한쪽에 있고 다른쪽에는 오디오 컨트롤이 있습니다. 화면의 큰 크기는 디스플레이를 개인화하는 데 큰 유연성이 있음을 의미하며 스티어링 휠을 사용하여 탐색하기 매우 쉽습니다. 예를 들어 내비게이션지도의 전체 화면 버전을 선택할 수 있습니다.
헤드 업 디스플레이의 도입 덕분에 주요 정보를 운전자의 시야 내 앞 유리 부분에 투사 할 수 있습니다. 이는 모든 페라리 포뮬러 1 자동차에 사용되는 HMI의 개발을 주도 해 왔으며 점차 도로 주행 스포츠카로 옮겨온 "길 위의 눈, 바퀴 위의 손"철학에 따라 산만 함이 줄어드는 것을 의미합니다.
SF90 스파이더의 스티어링 휠은 경쟁 세계에서 전송 프로세스를 완료하고 운전자가 휠에서 손을 떼지 않고도 사실상 자동차의 모든 측면을 제어 할 수있는 일련의 터치 명령을 도입하여 새로운 시대를 열었습니다. 전통적인 컨트롤에는 이제 상징적 인 Manettino, 스티어링 휠 장착 헤드 라이트 컨트롤, 윈드 스크린 와이퍼, 표시등이 포함됩니다. 새로운 터치 컨트롤 중 오른쪽 스포크의 패드를 통해 운전자는 중앙 클러스터 화면을 탐색 할 수 있으며 음성 및 크루즈 컨트롤은 왼쪽 스포크에 있습니다. 중앙 영역의 왼쪽 하단 섹션에는 운전자가 전원 장치 모드를 선택하는 데 사용하는 4 개의 버튼이 있습니다.
이전 모델의 시그니처 인 F1 브리지는 이제 중앙 터널에서 사라졌고 페라리 수동 기어 박스의 상징적 인 특징 인 기어 시프트 게이트의 현대적인 느낌으로 대체되었습니다. 그러나 새로운 게이트에서 변속 그릴은 자동 변속기에 적합한 디지털 방식입니다. 터널 하단에는 보닛에있는 Ferrari Prancing Horse 배지를 그대로 복제 한 새로운 점화 키를 보관할 수있는 구획이있어 실내 스타일에 진정한 마무리감을 더합니다. 키는 완전 키리스 모드로 작동하므로 운전자가 시동을 걸 수있을뿐만 아니라 주머니에서 꺼내지 않고도 도어를 열 수 있습니다.
7 년 유지 관리
Ferrari의 탁월한 품질 표준과 고객 서비스에 대한 관심 증가는 Ferrari SF90 Spider에서 제공하는 연장 된 7 년 유지 관리 프로그램을 뒷받침합니다. 전체 범위에서 사용할 수있는이 프로그램은 자동차 수명의 첫 7 년 동안 모든 정기 유지 보수를 포함합니다.
Ferraris를위한이 정기 유지 보수 프로그램은 고객이 수년간 최고의 성능과 안전을 유지하고 있다는 확신을 고객에게 제공하는 독점 서비스입니다. 이 특별한 서비스는 중고 Ferraris 소유자에게도 제공됩니다.
정기 유지 보수 (20,000km 간격 또는 마일리지 제한없이 1 년에 한 번), 마라넬로에있는 페라리 교육 센터에서 가장 현대적인 진단 도구를 사용하여 직접 교육을받은 직원에 의한 정품 예비품 및 세심한 점검은 정품의 장점 중 일부에 불과합니다. 유지 보수 프로그램. 이 서비스는 전 세계 모든 시장과 공식 대리점 네트워크의 모든 대리점에서 제공됩니다.
정품 유지 관리 프로그램은 페라리가 제공하는 광범위한 애프터 서비스를 더욱 확장하여 Maranello에서 제작 된 모든 자동차의 특징 인 성능과 우수성을 보존하고자하는 고객의 요구를 충족합니다.
기술 사양
내부 연소 엔진 유형 : V8-90 °-터보-건식 섬프 전체 배기량 : 3990cc 보어 및 스트로크 : 88mm x 82mm 맥스. 출력 : 7500rpm에서 780cv 맥스. 토크 : 6000 rpm에서 800 Nm 맥스. 엔진 속도 : 8000 rpm 압축비 : 9.4 : 1 전기 모터 eDrive 최대. 전력 출력 : 162kW eDrive 최대. 범위 : 25km 배터리 용량 : 7.9kWh 치수 및 무게 길이 : 4704 mm 너비 : 1973mm 높이 : 1191mm 축거 : 2,649mm 앞 트랙 : 1,679mm 후방 트랙 : 1652mm 건조 중량 : 1670 kg 건조 중량 / 전력 : 1.67 kg / cv 무게 배분 : 전면 45 % / 후면 55 % 부팅 용량 : 74 리터 연료 탱크 용량 : 68 리터 (11 개 예비) 타이어와 휠 전면 : 255/35 ZR 20 J9.5 후면 : 315/30 ZR 20 J11.5 브레이크 전면 : 398 x 223 x 38mm 후면 : 360 x 233 x 32mm 전송 및 기어 박스 F1 8 단 듀얼 클러치 기어 박스, AWD, 전기 프론트 액슬 전자 제어 : eSSC : E4WD (eTC, e-Diff3), SCME-Frs, FDE 2.0, EPS; 에너지 회수 기능이있는 고성능 ABS / EBD 공연 맥스. 복합 출력 : 1000 cv (735 kW) 0-100km / h : 2.5 초 0-200km / h : 7.0 초 100-0km / h : <29.5m 맥스. 속도 : 340km / h Fiorano에서의 랩 타임 : 79.5 초
페라리(Ferrari)가 14일 로마에서 예비 고객 대상으로 2+2형태를 지닌 새로운 FR 쿠페 ‘로마(Roma)’의 런칭 행사를 가졌다.
클래식과 미래지향적인 모습을 겸비한 독특한 스타일은 1950년대와 1960년대에 로마를 대표하는 라이프스타일을 현대적인 감각으로 재해석한 결과물이다.
1960년에 제작된 프랑스-이탈리아 흑백영화 ‘라 돌체 비타(La Dolce Vita)’에서 영감을 얻은 개념을 최대한 끌어올려 섬세함과 세련미를 자랑한다. 세련된 겉모양처럼 실내의 분위기도 인상적이다. 완전히 새롭게 개발한 인포테인먼트 시스템과 디지털 클러스터, 게이지 클러스터 등을 적용했다.
크기는 길이 4,656mm, 너비 1,974mm, 높이 1,301mm, 휠베이스 2,670mm로 엔트리 오픈모델인 포르토피노(휠베이스는 같음)보다 조금 더 크다. 건조 중량은 1,472kg.
파워트레인은 4년 연속 ‘올해의 엔진상’ 수상에 빛나는3,855cc V8 터보 차저 엔진과 SF90 스트라달레(Stradale)에 탑재된 8단 DCT 변속기를 조합했다. 프런트 미드십 형태로 얹은 엔진은 5,750~7,500 rpm에서 최고출력 611마력과 3,000~5,750 rpm에서 최대토크 77.5kg·m를 발휘한다.
이 둘의 조합으로 탁월한 성능을 자랑하는데 정지 상태에서 100km/h까지 가속시간 3.4초, 200km/h까지는 9.3초만에 도달한다. 최고속도는 320km/h까지 낸다.
19년형보다 공기역학적인 부분에 공을 들였다고 합니다. 예로 최고속에서 다운포스를 50%나 강화했습니다. 단순히 다운포스만 높인 게 아니라 주행 중 걸리는 주행저항도 줄였다네요. 범퍼의 위치를 살짝 틀고 립 스포일러 디자인도 새로 했습니다. 또, 전자식 디퍼렌셜과 ABS, 트랙션 컨트롤 시스템도 손질했네요.
Scarperia, 26 October. 2019 - The new 488 Challenge Evo has made its debut during the Ferrari Finali Mondiali underway at the Mugello Circuit. Three years after the presentation of the 488 Challenge during the Finali at Daytona, the Prancing Horse has developed a kit that increases the car’s overall performance and its consistency in race conditions, and also improves the handling for even better feedback and driving pleasure.
The aim of the Evo package is to maximise the synergy between aerodynamics and vehicle dynamics - that is, the interaction between tyres, balance of downforce and electronic controls. Better performance is guaranteed by higher downforce and new Pirelli tyres, while driving feedback was addressed from the early stages of development using Ferrari’s GT driving simulator, revising the aero balance between the axles. To improve turn in and reduce understeer out of corners, in fact, the downforce over the front has been increased.
The aerodynamic balance 'dialogues' with the E-Diff3 and F1-TCS control systems based on the Side Slip Control (SSC), which offers new dedicated settings. The SSC concept, which is based on the estimation of the yaw angle, has been modified in view of the new levels of performance. This has made it possible to provide the control systems with a common language designed to maximise agility in cornering and traction on exit.
The proven collaboration between the technical department and the Ferrari Styling Centre resulted in a comprehensive redesign of the front of the car to ensure an increase of 30% in aerodynamic efficiency compared to the 488 Challenge. The length of the front overhang has been altered to boost overall downforce and optimise the balance. The profiles of the radiator grille intakes have been lengthened and, at the centre of the bumper, a U-shaped intake feeds the front brakes and underlines the 488 Challenge Evo's sporty character. In the lower part of the bumper, a large splitter with turning vanes at the ends improves the control and direction of the airflow from the side vents. The sides of the bumper have been re-proportioned by reducing the surface volume to allow the adoption of a second side flick, improving the quality of the airflow. The car thus has 50% more overall downforce than the current 488 Challenge.
On the flank, below the rear-view mirror, there’s a new small wing with endplate designed to divert air flow towards the intercooler. The rear, on the other hand, includes clear references to the FXX-K. The sides of the bumper feature an extremely aerodynamic surface with two vents to extract the flows generated inside the wheelarches. Below the rear spoiler, a new air vent set in the engine air outlet grille increases downforce. There is also a new nolder on the rear wing that produces an increase in the coefficient of downforce.
The 488 Challenge Evo introduces a first for the Prancing Horse's one-make series: the option to modify the front downforce independently of the rear, so that the driver can set up the balance without having to change the ride height. The driver can select different configurations ranging from high downforce to low downforce before each race, depending on the circuit's characteristics and the weather conditions. These developments ensure an increase of more than 20 percentage points in the downforce over the front axle compared to the 488 Challenge.
The braking system includes a number of innovations that maintain its performance over a race. In particular, there is a significant reduction in brake wear thanks to the adoption of a new front disc design and larger rear discs.
New Pirelli tyres - 275/675-19 (front) and 315/705-19 (rear) – have also been introduced. During nigh-on seven months of development, the new tyre was tested not only in the laboratory but also on the new car at various European circuits, including Vallelunga, Mugello, Le Castellet and Silverstone. As well as seeking to boost overall performance, these tyres also ensure greater consistency in lap times during a long run session.
The interior, with its decidedly racing character, features a conceptually different kind of steering wheel, developed from the experience gained with the FXX-K Evo and the 488 GTE, which triumphed at the 24 Hours of Le Mans this year. The steering wheel, with integrated paddle shift, significantly improves ergonomics so the driver can always keep their hands in an ideal position, bringing advantages in terms of visibility and control of the car’s systems. There is a new ABS management strategy incorporated in the manettino. The driver can select four different modes, two dry and two wet, which implement a strategy focused on performance or stability.
A new rear camera derived from the 488 GTE has been introduced in response to feedback from the participants in the championship's various series (Europe, North America, Asia Pacific, along with last year's addition of a new UK national series). This considerably improves rear visibility.
The new components and improvements introduced with the 488 Challenge Evo are also available as upgrade kits for existing cars.
2020 페라리 488 GT3 에보(Ferrari 488 GT3 Evo)의 대형 사진들만 정리합니다. 2020 시즌 국제 GT 챔피언십에 나설 페라리의 최신 레이스카에요.
이름처럼 488을 베이스로 나왔고 앞뒤 디자인을 바꿔 공기역학적인 특성을 개선한 것이 가장 큰 특징입니다. 총 1만 8,000시간 이상의 CFD와 반복적인 윈드터널 테스트를 통해 완성도를 높였다고 합니다.
Scarperia, 26 October 2019 - The new version of the 488 GT3, which will compete in the main international GT championships in 2020, has just been unveiled at the Ferrari Finali Mondiali at Mugello. The new Evo package is the result of Ferrari’s desire to further refine certain aspects of one of the most successful cars in the marque’s history. This has been achieved using innovative concepts derived from its track experience and feedback from the teams competing with the 488 GT3.
Aerodynamics, vehicle dynamics, ergonomics, safety and reliability were the main focuses of development, all, of course, in compliance with the strict power and aerodynamic efficiency performance limits imposed by FIA regulations.
The engineers honed the 488 GT3 Evo 2020's aerodynamics to boost the car's stability with the new front-end design making a significant contribution. Over 18,000 hours of calculations and CFD simulations, followed by wind tunnel testing, went into the design of a new bumper with a smaller frontal section under the headlights. This has allowed the introduction of a pair of flicks to generate more downforce, making the car more stable without modifying the aero balance thanks in part to turning vanes inside the splitter. Aerodynamic development also extended to other areas of the front of the 488 GT3: the vents on top the wings are larger than the current model and the front section of the door is now more tapered to more efficiently channel lateral flows. The vents on the rear wing have also been completely redesigned.
The 488 GT3’s vehicle dynamics have been key in its success, and this area has been further improved in the new 488 GT3 Evo 2020. The wheelbase is longer, as in the 488 GTE, to optimise tyre use, reduce tyre wear and facilitate the conversion from GT3 to GTE. The engineers also focused on reducing the car's weight with the result that more ballast can be used to attain the minimum weight imposed by the Balance of Performance, thus lowering the centre of gravity. In addition all the vehicle dynamic controls, including the traction control and ABS, have been optimised.
No performance upgrades have been made to the engine, a twin-turbo V8 with a 90-degree angle between the cylinder banks, nor have any components been modified. However, it does benefit from a new engine management system which improves reliability and guarantees smoother, more precise torque delivery.
Endurance racing has evolved to the extent that it is increasingly resembling extended sprint racing. This demands meticulous attention to detail, including in the cockpit. The 488 GT3 Evo 2020 debuts a new seat which meets the new FIA safety regulations. Developed jointly with Sabelt for both the GT3 and GTE, it is not only more rigid and robust but is also 2.4 kg lighter with new belts and a new buckle.
The additional 24H/Endurance package is specifically designed for clients interested in that particular type of racing. The basic equipment includes a front bumper with additional headlights, quick-fill couplings for engine oil and coolant, carbon-fibre clutch, brake callipers adopted from the GTE and steel wheel nuts. Optional features include sensors for the coolant level and refuelling completion with warning lights, and Le Mans-type, 4,500 lumen LED main headlights.
The new components and improvements introduced in the 2020 version of the 488 GT3 Evo are also available as upgrade kits for existing cars.
F8 스파이더와 마찬가지로 45km/h 이하의 속도에선 주행 중 변신을 이룰 수 있어요. 톱을 열거나 닫는데 필요한 시간은 단 14초에 불과합니다.
Maranello, 9 September 2019 – Exactly 50 years on from the debut of the last spider in the Ferrari range to sport a front-mounted V12, the 812 GTS hails a triumphant return for a model type that has played a pivotal role in the marque’s history since its foundation.
The Ferrari V12 spider story features many iconic models and began in 1948 with the 166 MM, an authentic thoroughbred competition GT that won the two most prestigious endurance races in the world in 1949: the Mille Miglia and the 24 Hours of Le Mans.
The last in that long lineage was the 1969 365 GTS4, also known as the Daytona Spider because of Ferrari’s legendary victory in the 1967 24 Hours of Daytona when two works 330 P4s and the NART-entered 412 P took the chequered flag side-by-side to occupy the top three places.
The front-mounted V12 architecture has not been used in a Ferrari series-production spider since the 365 GTS4. That said, four special series limited editions have been launched: the 550 Barchetta Pininfarina in 2000, the Superamerica in 2005, the SA Aperta in 2010 and, most recently, the F60 America of which just 10 were built to celebrate Ferrari’s 60th year on the American market in 2014.
Like its historic predecessors, the 812 GTS sets a new benchmark in terms of performance and exclusivity. Sporting Ferrari’s majestic 800 cv V12, it is not merely the most powerful production spider on the market, but also the most versatile, thanks to its retractable hard top, a unique feature in this segment which also guarantees a larger boot capacity.
The retractable hard top (RHT), which opens in just 14 seconds at speeds of up to 45 km/h, does not impinge upon the interior dimensions, thus maintaining the donor car’s roomy cockpit. The electric rear screen, which acts as a wind-stop, makes the car truly useable with the top down while, with the top up, it can be left open to allow occupants to continue to luxuriate in the naturally-aspirated V12’s unique soundtrack.
ENGINE
The 812 GTS is the spider version of the 812 Superfast, from which it takes both its specifications and performance, most notably the power unit which, thanks to its ability to unleash a massive 800 cv at 8500 rpm, is the most powerful engine in its class. 718 Nm of torque guarantees impressive acceleration virtually on a par with that of the 812 Superfast while the heady 8900 rpm rev limit means that sporty driving is undiminished.
As on the 812 Superfast, these performance levels were achieved in part by optimising the engine design and in part by innovations, such as the use of a 350 bar direct injection system, and the control system for the variable geometry inlet tracts, developed on naturally-aspirated F1 engines. These systems allowed the increase in displacement from 6.2 to 6.5 litres to be exploited to maximise power output whilst retaining excellent pick-up even at low revs.
The high pressure injection system also improves nebulisation of the injected fuel thus dramatically reducing the amount of particulates emitted when the catalytic converter is warming up, and the fitment of a Gasoline Particulate Filter (GPF) together with the Stop&Start On the Move strategy, which cuts and restart the engine while the car is on the move, ensures the engine complies with all emissions regulations.
Particular attention was also paid to calibrating the Manettino settings to enhance the engine’s potential and the sensation of extreme power delivered by the car. That said, the driver will always be able to easily and confidently dose the massive torque available with the accelerator pedal, thanks to smooth, progressive power delivery at all engine speeds.
The shape of the torque curve reveals that torque distribution was not sacrificed to boost power. A significant 80% of maximum torque is available at just 3500 rpm, improving both flexibility and pick-up at lower revs.
The shape of the power curve, which rises constantly all the way to the maximum revs of 8500 rpm, and the rapidity with which engine speed increases, thanks to low inertia, give occupants the feeling of boundless power and acceleration. The latter sensation comes courtesy of the overall increase in maximum power output and the optimisation of the aforementioned power curve between 6500 and 8900 rpm, which maximises the average horse power exploitable for press-on track driving when engine revs are kept consistently high.
The dual-clutch transmission’s gear-shift strategies enhance the car’s sportiness. When the Manettino is in sportier settings, both up- and down-shift times have been significantly cut and the transition time has been optimised to enhance the driver experience. Combined with the shortened gear ratios, these modifications, mean that occupants will instantly feel that the car’s response to the throttle.
The geometry of the exhaust system was evolved to increase and balance the sound from the engine and tailpipes, with the aim of accentuating the car’s extremely sporty character with the roof down.
Exhaust-wise, prevalence was given to combustion order harmonics by modifying the geometry of the centre extension pipes. All the pipes in the 6-in-1 exhaust manifold to the monolithic catalytic converter are of equal-length and this optimises the sound by giving predominance to the first-order combustion harmonics. The result is a full-bodied V12 sound in the cabin in all kinds of driving but which is particularly appreciable when the roof is open.
DESIGN
Designed by the Ferrari Styling Centre and based on the 812 Superfast, the 812 GTS echoes the formal language and proportions of Ferrari’s front-engined V12 without altering either its exterior dimensions or interior space and comfort, so it represents the perfect marriage of sportiness and elegance. From the side view the 812 GTS has a fastback sleekness: a two-box design with a high tail reminiscent of the glorious 365 GTB4 (Daytona) of 1968.
The draped design of the flanks visually shortens the tail and is characterised by sharply slanted crease lines and impressively muscular wheelarches that imbue it with the power and aggression warranted by its imposing V12.
On the spider version of the 812 Superfast, the entire rear of the car - roof, tonneau cover and luggage compartment - has been redesigned. The idea was to lend the car a new blend of sleekness and balance, thanks to two buttresses beneath which the roof movement mechanism is stowed. The buttresses were designed to visually embody a sense of forward thrust and lend the side windows a signature look that would set the spider apart from the berlinetta. When the top is dropped, the roof panels disappear beneath the aforementioned tonneau cover.
From a stylistic perspective, the rear wheelarch has lost the 812 Superfast’s characteristic aerodynamic by-pass. The absence of this duct has been compensated for, however, by reconfiguring the rear diffuser which now has an additional flap.
The new 812 GTS also features a new, highly sculptural and model-specific multi-spoke forged wheel. A choice of three versions will be offered: diamond-finish, liquid silver and Grigio Scuro.
AERODYNAMICS
Aerodynamically, the 812 GTS posed two main challenges for the Ferrari designers: how to guarantee the same performance as the coupé version with the top up and, at the same time, ensure maximum passenger comfort with the roof down.
In terms of pure aerodynamic performance, the retractable hard top and its stowage compartment required that the rear of the car be modified. Thanks to meticulous resculpting of the tonneau cover surfaces and, most importantly, the integration of a triplane wing into rear diffuser to create efficient suction (and thus downforce) from the underbody, the aerodynamicists were able to compensate for the downforce lost by the removal of the 812 Superfast’s rear wheelarch by-pass duct, the air intake of which was behind the quarterlight.
Drag, on the other hand, was cut by using the air vents on top of the rear flank to efficiently channel excess pressure build-up out of the wheel well.
Meticulously detailed work went into guaranteeing an excellent standard of comfort on-board with the top down. There was huge focus on minimising both turbulence inside the cabin and aerodynamic noise to ensure occupants could converse undisturbed even at high speeds.
As with the LaFerrari Aperta, two small L-shaped flaps on the upper corners of the windscreen generate a coherent concentrated vortex that creates outwash in the velocity field immediately above the rear screen, thereby avoiding excess pressure behind the occupants’ heads.
In this area, the aerodynamicists created an aerodynamic passage in the front trim of the two buttresses that fair in the seats, and topped it with an aerofoil which channels the airflow striking the trim into the tonneau zone at the rear, thus facilitating both venting of pressure in the cabin and recompression of the separation bubble downstream from the wind stop which in turn benefits aerodynamic efficiency and stabilises the flow.
VEHICLE DYNAMICS
The aim in developing the 812 GTS was to retain the exhilarating feeling of speed and power delivered by the berlinetta version in terms of accelerating, response times and agility.
The 812 GTS is equipped with all of the 812 Superfast’s new generation components and control systems and, like it, delivers impressive handling. It sports Electric Power Steering (EPS) which, in line with Ferrari tradition, is used to fully exploit the potential of the car in terms of performance by integrating it with all of the electronic vehicle dynamics controls, including Version 5.0 of Ferrari’s patented SSC. Another of the integrated systems is the Virtual Short Wheelbase 2.0 system (PCV), which has been further evolved based on experience gained since its debut on the F12tdf.
The following high performance driver assistance features are also featured:
Ferrari Peak Performance (FPP): when cornering, the steering wheel torque will provide the driver with an indication that the car is getting closer to its limit of grip, helping the control of that dynamic state:
Ferrari Power Oversteer (FPO) - in the case of oversteer, most frequently induced while powering out of corners, the steering wheel torque will give the driver feedback to give steering wheel inputs that are coherent with realigning the car correctly
Optimised calibration of the car’s magnetorheological dampers mean its elastic set-up is the same as the berlinetta version’s despite the 75kg increase in weight caused by strengthening work on the chassis.
Consequently, its overall performance levels are very close to those of the berlinetta, with 0-100 km/h acceleration in under 3 seconds and 0-200 km/h in just 8,3 seconds. The Ferrari 812 GTS’s maximum speed is the same as the berlinetta’s: 340 km/h.
7 YEARS MAINTENANCE
Ferrari’s unparalleled quality standards and increasing focus on client service underpin the extended seven-year maintenance programme offered with the 812 GTS. Available across the entire Ferrari range, the programme covers all regular maintenance for the first seven years of the car’s life. This scheduled maintenance is an exclusive service that allows clients the certainty that their car is being kept at peak performance and safety over the years. This very special service is also available to owners buying pre-owned Ferraris.
Regular maintenance (at intervals of either 20,000 km or once a year with no mileage restrictions), original spares and meticulous checks by staff trained directly at the Ferrari Training Centre in Maranello using the most modern diagnostic tools are just some of the advantages of the Genuine Maintenance Programme. The service is available on all markets worldwide and from all Dealerships on the Official Dealership Network.
The Genuine Maintenance programme further extends the range of after-sales services offered by Ferrari to satisfy clients wishing to preserve the performance and excellence that are the signatures of all cars built at the factory in Maranello which has always been synonymous with leading-edge technology and sportiness.
FERRARI 812 GTS Technical Specifications
Engine
Type
V12 - 65°
Overall displacement
6496 cc
Bore and stroke
94x78 mm
Maximum power output*
588 kW (800 cv) at 8500 rpm
Maximum torque*
718 Nm at 7000 rpm
Specific power output
123 cv/l
Max. engine speed
8.900 rpm
Compression ratio
13.6:1
Dimensions and weight
Length
4693 mm
Width
1971 mm
Height
1276 mm
Wheelbase
2720 mm
Front track
1672 mm
Rear track
1645 mm
Dry weight**
1600 kg
Weight distribution
47% ant - 53% post
Boot capacity
210 l
Fuel tank capacity
92 l
Tyres
Front
275/35 ZR 20” 10” J
Rear
315/35 ZR 20” 11.5” J
Brakes
Front
398x223x38 mm
Rear
360x233x32 mm
Transmission and gearbox
7-speed dual-clutch gearbox
Electronic controls
EPS, PCV 2.0, E-Diff3, F1-Trac, ABS/EBD
prestazionale con Ferrari Pre-Fill, FrS SCM-E, SSC 5.0
Performance
0-100 km/h
<3.0 sec
0-200 km/h
8.3 sec
Max. speed
over 340 km/h
Fuel consumption and emissions
Under homologation
* With 98 octane-rated petrol and dynamic ram effect. Engine power is expressed in kW, in accordance with the International System of Units (SI) and in CV (1KW=1.3596216 cv).
톱은 45km/h 이하로 달리면서 여닫을 수 있고 작동시간은 14초에 불과합니다. 경량화를 이뤄 기존 488 스파이더보다 20kg이나 가볍고 하드코어 버전 488 피스타 스파이더보다 불과 20kg 더 나갈 뿐이죠.
엔진은 쿠페와 동일한 V8 3.9리터 트윈 터보로 최고출력 711마력, 최대토크 770Nm를 냅니다.
The mid-rear-engined drop-top powered by the most successful Ferrari V8 ever
Maranello, 9 September 2019 – Ferrari has unveiled the F8 Spider, the new generation drop-top sports car equipped with the most successful mid-rear-mounted V8 in history.
The Ferrari F8 Spider was designed in parallel with the F8 Tributo berlinetta and features the Prancing Horse’s compact and efficient RHT (Retractable Hard Top) which influences the lines of a model that leads its category.
The F8 Spider is the latest addition to an exclusive and prestigious bloodline of open-top V8 cars begun with the 308 GTS in 1977. It is less extreme than the 488 Pista Spider, but sportier than the 488 Spider which it replaces in the range.
Consequently, the F8 Spider sets a new benchmark for the “en plein air” sports car in terms of usable performance and exceptional handling, providing an incredibly rewarding driving experience. In fact, it excels in merging handling dynamics with surprising in-car comfort. This Ferrari spider thus combines the characteristics of the most lauded 8-cylinder engine in history with unparalleled driving pleasure.
The V8 has raised the performance bar to unprecedented new heights, not only for turbo engines but power units of all types. The engine is a development of the V8 that won the “International Engine of the Year Award” for four consecutive years (2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019) and that was also selected as the best engine of the last two decades. An incredible feat unmatched in the history of the Awards.
The F8 Spider’s greatest achievement is the fact that it unleashes its power instantaneously with zero turbo lag, whilst retaining this V8’s unique and very special soundtrack. This astonishing performance and the car’s disarmingly effortless handling were made possible by integrating a series of innovative, track-derived aero solutions into its design.
The mission of every new model produced by Maranello is to introduce new design features and outperform its predecessors on all fronts. The challenge the engineers and designers always face is to push their own creative limits and the boundaries of technology by introducing new, leading-edge solutions and setting new levels of excellence. This is something they have done to brilliant effect once again with this new model.
The F8 Spider replaces the 488 Spider and improves on all aspects of its specifications: aside from the fact that its engine delivers an extra 50 cv, the new Ferrari is 20 kg lighter than its predecessor. It weighs just 20 kg more than the more extreme 488 Pista Spider. The F8 Spider is significantly more aerodynamically efficient, too and features the new 6.1 version of the Side Slip Angle Control system.
ENGINE
In the automotive world, Ferrari’s V8 engine is seen as the very epitome of sportiness and driving pleasure. This is particularly the case when it is mid-rear-mounted in a two-seater. Ferrari has been honing the scope of this architecture to perfection for over four decades as it optimally balances weight for perfect handling dynamics.
The V8’s technical specifications are truly exceptional. The 3902 cc unit unleashes 720 cv at 8,000 rpm and also has an impressive specific power output of 185 cv/l. Its maximum torque is now higher at all engine speeds, peaking at 770 Nm at 3,250 rpm.
Today, Ferrari V8s incorporate solutions so refined they are effectively masterpieces of engineering. This power unit in particular further enhances the typical traits of all Maranello engines with smoothly progressive, limitless acceleration and zero turbo lag, combined with a unique soundtrack courtesy of a new exhaust system.
The new car offers drivers pure emotions. Instantaneously accessible power is matched by exceptional handling thanks to advanced vehicle dynamics solutions. These include a new version of the Ferrari Dynamic Enhancer (FDE+) which can now be activated in the manettino’s RACE position, a move designed to make performance on the limit easier to reach and control.
To achieve the 50 cv increase in power compared to the 488 Spider, the new intake line is derived directly from the 488 Challenge. In the F8 Spider, the air intakes have been moved from the flanks to the rear where they are located on either side of the blown spoiler and are directly connected to the intake plenums. This drastically reduces losses and ensures greater air flow to the engine, thereby increasing the power. The air flow also benefits from increased dynamic pressure created by the shape of the rear spoiler.
Adaptive Performance Launch analyses grip as the car accelerates and then uses electronic controls to optimise the torque delivered to suit the road’s grip level, reducing wheel slip to a minimum which, in turn, maximises acceleration.
The rev limiter’s “Wall Effect” strategy is another leap forward in terms of extreme engine performance. Rather than gradually limiting the revs towards the limit, it cuts off right at the 8,000 rpm red-line, maximising the amount of power available in power-on dynamic driving situations and consequently improving lap times.
Adopted once again on this model is the hugely successful Ferrari Variable Torque Management strategy for all gears. To adapt it to the car’s extreme sporty spirit, all of the torque curves were redesigned to deliver a feeling of consistently smooth, powerful acceleration all the way to the red line. Maximum torque is 10 Nm higher than on the 488 Spider and is available even at lower engine speeds.
The F8 Spider’s engine also inherits highly efficient weight-reduction solutions from the 488 Pista which have cut the power unit’s weight by 18 kg compared to that of the 488 Spider. Reducing the weight of rotating and non-static masses, such as the titanium con-rods, crankshaft and flywheel, allows engine speed to rise very rapidly, so much so that the driver can see the rev counter needle flying, particularly in rapid transitions, such as gear shifting and scorching low-gear acceleration, making the car feel even sportier still. These reductions in the weight of the rotating masses yield a 17% reduction in inertia.
Inconel exhaust manifolds derived from the 488 Challenge alone contribute 9.7 kg to the lighter engine weight. The exhaust layout has been extensively modified across the board from the turbos to the tail pipes to produce a sound absolutely unique to this particular car. The result is an unmistakable engine timbre that is superior in terms of both the intensity and quality of the sound. The exhaust line also features a new Gasoline Particulate Filter (GPF) to comply with new homologation requirements.
DESIGN
Designed by the Ferrari Styling Centre, the F8 Spider continues the direction embarked upon with the F8 Tributo which acted as a bridge to a new design language that will continue to emphasise Ferrari’s key characteristics of high performance and extreme aerodynamic efficiency.
When designing a spider, the choice of the top will always play a fundamental role in the car’s overall look. For some years now, Ferrari has been adopting a hard top because of the comfort it provides. As a result, the design of the F8 Spider’s lines was crafted around its RHT (Retractable Hard Top).
The key to the whole design was the shifting of the separation line between the car’s body and the roof from its conventional position at the belt-line (occupant shoulder level) to above the B-pillar. The top itself is thus more compact and two-dimensional, with the result that it can be divided into two parts and stowed on top of the engine.
The RHT takes just 14 seconds to deploy or retract and can be closed or opened while the car is on the move up to 45 km/h.
EXTERIOR
The goal the Ferrari Styling Centre set with the F8 Spider was to design a stylistic tribute to the Ferrari V8 engine, by evolving the contents of the F8 Tributo and taking inspiration from the most iconic mid-rear-engined V8 sports cars in Ferrari history. The result is a car with a strong personality of its own through an even sportier design clearly inspired by the car’s advanced aerodynamics.
The front view of the car is characterised by the S-Duct around which the entire front end has been redesigned to highlight the extensive aerodynamic modifications made to this area of the car. The clearest example is new, more compact, horizontal LED headlights.
The rear spoiler has been entirely redesigned. It is now larger and wraps around the tail lights, visually lowering the car’s centre of gravity and allowing a return to the classic twin light cluster and body-coloured tail, another styling cue from the early 8-cylinder berlinettas like the very first in the legendary series, the 308 GTB.
The treatment of the engine cover is one of the F8 Spider’s most distinctive characteristics. The manta-like look of the cover is created by a central spine that starts from the rear screen and disappears under the wing of the blown spoiler, following the air flows themselves.
The two wings that emerge from the central volume meld harmoniously with the bodywork, lending a sense of visual continuity from all angles. These wing elements are suspended creating an air vent below them which helps improve dissipation of the heat coming off the engine. The three sculpted strakes on the side elements of the engine cover also make their own contribution to this, in addition to referencing the iconic styling of the rear screen of the coupé version. The strakes are finished in black to reduce weight low and to lend a sense of visual clarity to the design.
The crests that emerge from the prominent volumes of the tonneau cover fins flow sinuously rearwards and into the spoiler in an interpretation of the F1 “swan neck” (the pillars supporting the rear wings) which, in turn, enhances the already-powerfully sporty personality of the car.
COCKPIT
The F8 Spider’s cockpit retains the classic, driver-oriented look typical of Ferrari’s mid-rear-engined berlinettas. A concept that creates a symbiotic relationship between driver and car, very much as happens in F1, with all controls mounted on the new generation steering wheel. The sporty seats are also new.
The dash incorporates an aluminium sail panel supporting the central satellite and continuing into the dash itself. Also to create a sense of visual lightness, a sliver of carbon fibre divides the upper and lower parts, streamlining the whole look. This section also incorporates the optional 7” touchscreen passenger-side display and the dash is completed by the classic instrument cluster with its central rev-counter.
The tunnel is clearly separated from the dash and set beneath it, once again to enhance the sensation of lightness that the car’s interior exudes. It features a new bridge, a prominent sculptural creation that seems to float and thus further streamlines the cabin.
AERODYNAMICS
The F8 Spider has taken state-of-the-art aerodynamic solutions and innovations from Ferrari’s GT and Challenge racing experience, and moulded them into the production mid-rear-engined drop-top that makes the highest level of performance accessible to drivers of all abilities.
In the F8 Spider, the position of the front radiators - which, unlike the 488 Spider, are rearward-angled - is beneficial in cooling terms but simultaneously shrinks the underbody surface area that can be used to generate downforce. Thus the geometry of the channels used to dissipate hot air had to be redesigned to ensure that maximum downforce was generated whilst cutting drag thanks to the positive interaction between the flows exiting the radiator and the front wheels. The result is a 10% improvement in the car’s overall efficiency compared to the 488 Spider.
VEHICLE DYNAMICS
Overall performance levels are significantly higher than those of the 488 Spider, thanks to the increase in power, weight reduction and improved aerodynamic coefficient. That performance is also now accessible to a larger number of drivers thanks to vehicle dynamics systems that make driving on the limit an easier and more confidence-inspiring experience. These include a steering wheel with a smaller-diameter rim and the introduction of the new Ferrari Dynamic Enhancer Plus into the integrated SSC concept, now in 6.1 guise.
To achieve their goal of making the car’s impressive performance easy to access and control, Ferrari’s engineers worked on integrating engine and aerodynamics performance with the latest iteration of the vehicle dynamics control systems. The Side Slip Control system, which improves drivers’ control on the limit for an even more engaging behind the wheel, has been further evolved. The transition from version 6.0 to 6.1 reflects the fact that the Ferrari Dynamic Enhancer system (FDE+) now also activates in the Race position of the manettino.
The FDE is a lateral dynamics control system that uses Ferrari software to adjust the brake pressure at the callipers. It debuted on the 488 Pista and was later adopted on the 488 Pista Spider. The F8 Tributo then featured the new FDE+ version with extended functionality which is now also being used on the F8 Spider. The control system, which is operational through and exiting corners (but not under braking), now also extends to low grip conditions and to the Race setting of the manettino.
7 YEARS MAINTENANCE
Ferrari’s unparalleled quality standards and increasing focus on client service underpin the extended seven-year maintenance programme offered with the F8 Spider. Available across the entire Ferrari range, the programme covers all regular maintenance for the first seven years of the car’s life. This scheduled maintenance is an exclusive service that allows clients the certainty that their car is being kept at peak performance and safety over the years. This very special service is also available to owners buying pre-owned Ferraris.
Regular maintenance (at intervals of either 20,000 km or once a year with no mileage restrictions), original spares and meticulous checks by staff trained directly at the Ferrari Training Centre in Maranello using the most modern diagnostic tools are just some of the advantages of the Genuine Maintenance Programme.
The service is available on all markets worldwide and from all Dealerships in the Official Dealership Network.
The Genuine Maintenance programme further extends the range of after-sales services offered by Ferrari to satisfy clients wishing to preserve the performance and excellence that are the signatures of all cars built at the factory in Maranello which has always been synonymous with leading-edge technology and sportiness.
Ferrari F8 Spider Technical Specifications
Engine
Type
V8 - 90° - turbo – dry sump
Overall displacement
3902 cc
Max. power output*
720 cv (530 kW) @ 8000 rpm
Max. torque*
770 Nm @ 3250 rpm
Specific power output
185 cv/l
Max. revs
8000 rpm
Compression ratio
9.6:1
Dimensions and weight
Length
4611 mm
Width
1979 mm
Height
1206 mm
Wheelbase
2650 mm
Front track
1677 mm
Rear track
1646 mm
Dry weight**
1400 kg
Weight distribution
41.5% front – 58.5% rear
Boot capacity
200 l
Fuel tank capacity
78 l
Tyres
Front
245/35 ZR 20 J9.0
Rear
305/30 ZR 20 J11.0
Brakes
Front
398 x 223 x 38 mm
Rear
360 x 233 x 32 mm
Transmission and gearbox
7-speed, dual-clutch F1 gearbox
Electronic controls
E-Diff3, F1-Trac, high performance ABS/EBD with Ferrari Prefill, FrS SCM-E, FDE+, SSC 6.1
Performance
0-100 km/h
2.90 s
0-200 km/h
8.2 s
Max. speed
340 km/h
Fuel consumption and emissions Under homologation * With 98 octane petrol
2019 페라리 SF90 스트라달레(Ferrari SF90 Stradale) 멋진 사진들만 정리합니다.
페라리 창립 90주년을 기념하는 새로운 하이퍼카가 등장했네요. 2019년 5개의 모델을 발표할 것이라고 공언했는데, 이 모델이 F8에 이어 두 번째 모델이네요. 페라리 역사상 처음으로 판매되는 플러그인 하이브리드이기도 합니다.
페라리 최초의 하이브리드 모델 2013년에 발표된 라 페라리였죠. 하지만 출력 어시스트 개념이 강했던 라 페라리와 달리 이번 모델은 전기로만 최대 25km 주행이 가능한 플러그인 하이브리드입니다. 직분사 방식의 V8 4.0리터 가솔린 터보 780마력 엔진에 3개의 전기모터(220마력)를 결합해 시스템 출력 1,000마력을 자랑합니다. 3개의 모터 중 하나는 엔진과 변속기 사이에 두었고 나머지는 앞축에 붙였네요. 따라서 사륜구동입니다.
제로백 2.5초, 최고속도 340km/h를 내고 배터리 용량은 7.9kWh입니다.
The most powerful Prancing Horse car everreferences Scuderia Ferrari
Maranello, 29 May 2019 – Ferrari introduces a new chapter in its history with the introduction of its first series production PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle), the SF90 Stradale, images, videos and information on which can be seen on the dedicated web site: SF90stradale.com. The new model is extreme on every level and represents a true paradigm shift, because it delivers unprecedented performance for a production car. Figures such as 1,000 cv, and a weight-to-power ratio of 1.57 kg/cv, and 390 kg of downforce at 250 km/h not only put the SF90 Stradale at the top of its segment, but also mean that a V8 is the top-of-the-range model for the first time in the marque’s history.
The car’s name encapsulates the true significance of all that has been achieved in terms of performance. The reference to the 90th anniversary of the foundation of Scuderia Ferrari underscores the strong link that has always existed between Ferrari’s track and road cars. A brilliant encapsulation of the most advanced technologies developed in Maranello, the SF90 Stradale is also the perfect demonstration of how Ferrari immediately transitions the knowledge and skills it acquires in competition to its production cars.
The SF90 Stradale has a 90° V8 turbo engine capable of delivering 780 cv, the highest power output of any 8-cylinder in Ferrari history. The remaining 220 cv is delivered by three electric motors, one at the rear, known as the MGUK (Motor Generator Unit, Kinetic) due to its derivation from the Formula 1 application, located between the engine and the new 8-speed dual-clutch transmission on the rear axle, and two on the front axle. This sophisticated system does not, however, make for a more complicated driving experience. Quite the opposite, in fact: the driver simply has to select one of the four power unit modes, and then just concentrate on driving. The sophisticated control logic takes care of the rest, managing the flow of power between the V8, the electric motors and the batteries.
The SF90 Stradale is also the first Ferrari sports car to be equipped with 4WD, a step necessary to allow the incredible power unleashed by the hybrid powertrain to be fully exploited, ensuring the car has become the new benchmark for standing starts: 0-100km/h in 2.5 sec and 0-200km/h in just 6.7 seconds.
Ferrari’s engineers were able to further broaden the spectrum of dynamic controls by introducing the full-electric front axle, known as the RAC-e (electronic cornering set-up regulator). As well as exclusively providing propulsion in electric drive, the two front motors independently control the torque delivered to the two wheels, extending the concept of Torque Vectoring. Fully integrated into the car’s vehicle dynamics controls, the RAC-e governs the distribution of torque, making driving on the limit much simpler and easier.
The introduction of this hybrid architecture was a challenge with regard to managing the additional weight which was resolved by an obsessive attention to detail and the overall optimisation of the whole of the car. For maximum performance in terms of overall weight, rigidity and centre of gravity, the chassis and bodyshell of the SF90 Stradale is all new, built using multi-material technology, including, for example, carbon fibre.
The development of a hybrid car of this kind demanded the development of a series of innovative aerodynamic solutions. The significant boost in the power unit’s performance brought with it an increase in the amount of heat energy to be dissipated and required the development team to carry out an in-depth review of the aerodynamic flows on the radiating masses. It also demanded new solutions to increase downforce efficiently and guarantee maximum stability at all speeds and in all driving conditions.
Particularly noteworthy is the innovative shut-off Gurney, a patented active system located at the rear of the car which regulates the air flow over the upper body, reducing drag at high speeds with low lateral dynamics loads and increasing downforce in corners, under braking and during changes of direction.
The new car is epoch-changing from a stylistic perspective as it completely rewrites the mid-rear-engined sports berlinetta proportions introduced on the 360 Modena twenty years ago, instead taking its inspiration from Ferrari’s recent supercars. A good example is the cockpit, which has a smaller frontal section and is placed closer to the front of the car to reduce drag. This was also achieved without impacting on-board comfort.
The track-derived “eyes on the road, hands on the wheel” philosophy takes on a truly central role for the first time too, significantly influencing the ergonomics and styling of the interior. The result is an HMI (Human-Machine Interface) and interior layout concept that are a complete departure from previous models.
Another major innovation is the steering wheel which now has a touchpad and a series of haptic buttons that allow the driver to control virtually every aspect of the car using just their thumbs. The central instrument cluster is now entirely digital with the first automotive application of a 16” curved HD screen which can be fully configured and controlled using the controls on the steering wheel.
On the central tunnel, improved ergonomics have been combined with an element from the past: the automatic gearbox controls are now selected by a grille-style feature that references Ferrari’s legendary manual gear-shift gate. Thus past and present skilfully merge to point the new Ferrari towards the future.
The SF90 Stradale also sees the debut of the new ignition key with full keyless technology which will gradually be introduced across the rest of the range, personalised with the model’s name. Thanks to a special compartment in the central tunnel, it becomes an integral part of the car’s styling.
In addition to the sporty version, which references the shape and colour of the signature rectangular Prancing badge sported by Ferrari’s road cars, there will also be a more elegant metal-coloured version.
For the first time on a Ferrari, clients can choose between the standard car and a version with a more sports-oriented specification. The Assetto Fiorano specification includes significant upgrades, including special GT racing-derived Multimatic shock absorbers, extra lightweight features made from high-performance materials such as carbon-fibre (door panels, underbody) and titanium (springs, entire exhaust line), resulting in a weight-saving of 30 kg. Another difference is the high downforce carbon-fibre rear spoiler which generates 390 kg of downforce at 250 km/h. The Assetto Fiorano includes Michelin Pilot Sport Cup2 tyres designed specifically to improve performance on the track in the dry. They feature a softer compound and fewer grooves than the tyres provided as standard.
POWERTRAIN
The SF90 Stradale is the first ever Ferrari to feature PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle) architecture which sees the internal combustion engine integrated with three electric motors, two of which are independent and located on the front axle, with the third at the rear between the engine and the gearbox.
The internal combustion engine and the electric motors work in synergy to unleash an incredible 1,000 cv which means the SF90 Stradale sets a whole new benchmark in terms of its performance and innovative content not just with regard to the Ferrari range, but also its competitors.
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Thanks to its 780-cv power output, the turbo V8 featured in the SF90 Stradale raises the bar for the performance limits achievable by this type of architecture. The starting point was the F154 family engine which has won the International Engine of the Year award for the fourth consecutive year, an unprecedented achievement for any power unit.
Together with its 195 cv/l specific power output, which is the highest in the segment, the engine also delivers 800 Nm of torque at 6,000 rpm. To deliver this extraordinary result, Ferrari’s engineers focused on several different areas of the engine, starting by increasing its capacity from 3,902 cc to 3,990 cc thanks to a larger bore of 88 mm.
The intake and exhaust system was completely redesigned and now features a new, narrower cylinder head with a central injector and the adoption of 350-bar GDI, another first for a Ferrari V8.
To improve the internal fluid dynamics, not only was a larger diameter intake valve adopted but the ducts are all horizontally lined up at engine head height; the turbo charger assembly has been lowered while the exhaust line is higher, as testified by the fact that the tail pipes are now in the upper section of the rear bumper. The turbos are now equipped with electronically-controlled wastegates to improve catalyser heating and new compressor volutes to optimise fluid-dynamics.
The re-engineering goes well beyond fluid-dynamics: the rationalisation of the layout has resulted in both a lower centre of gravity, thanks in part to the adoption of a smaller-diameter fly wheel, and a reduction in overall weight thanks to the use of Inconel instead of steel for the exhaust manifold. Meticulous attention was lavished on sound quality when redesigning the exhaust system and the result is fuller, richer harmonics across the entire frequency range.
GEARBOX
The SF90 Stradale sports a completely redesigned 8-speed, oil-bath, dual-clutch transmission. New gear ratios and improved transmission efficiency yield a significant reduction in fuel consumption in urban and motorway driving (-8% in the WLTP cycle) without having to compromise on performance. In fact, there is even a 1% improvement in efficiency on the track.
An optimised layout, achieved through the adoption of a dry sump and a significantly more compact clutch assembly with a 20% smaller exterior diameter than the current gearbox, has shaved 15 mm off the installed height in the car which, in turn, lowers the centre of gravity of the running gear by the same amount.
Despite the addition of an eighth gear and a maximum torque boost to 900 Nm (the latter an increase of 20% on the current 7-speed), the gearbox’s overall weight is actually 7 kg lower. That figure rises to 10 kg when the elimination of the reverse gear – now incorporated in the function of the front electric motors - is included.
The new clutch’s performance is 35% higher, transmitting up to 1200 Nm in dynamic torque in gear shifts. Thanks to new-generation actuation hydraulics, total clutch fill times have been cut to 200 ms compared to the 488 Pista’s 300 ms.
ELECTRIC MOTORS
The SF90 Stradale is equipped with three electric motors capable of generating a total of 220 cv (162 kW). A high performance Li-ion battery provides power to all three motors and guarantees a 25-kilometre range in all-electric eDrive mode, using just the front axle. When the internal combustion engine is turned off, the two independent front motors deliver a maximum speed of 135 km/h with longitudinal acceleration of ≤0.4 g. Reverse can only be used in eDrive mode which means the car can be manoeuvred at low speeds without using the V8. The front motors are integrated into the launch control strategy for maximum performance when accelerating.
FUNCTION MODES
The internal combustion engine and electric motors work in synergy to generate an incredible 1,000 cv, which puts the SF90 Stradale at the very top of the range in performance terms. The control logic optimally manages the power flows either with the emphasis on efficiency or performance depending on the user profile selected by the driver.
Thanks to an additional steering wheel-mounted selector, dubbed the eManettino (analogous to the Manettino which is used to set the electronic vehicle dynamics modes), the driver can choose from four different power unit management modes:
eDrive: the internal combustion engine remains off and traction is entrusted entirely to the electric front axle. Starting with a fully charged battery, the car can cover up to 25 km in this mode. This mode is ideal for city centre driving or any other situation in which the driver wishes to eliminate the sound of the Ferrari V8.
Hybrid: this is the default setting when the car is turned on, in which the power flows are managed to optimise the overall efficiency of the system. The control logic autonomously decides whether to keep the internal combustion engine running or turn it off. If it is on, the internal combustion engine can run at maximum power thus guaranteeing powerful performance whenever the driver requires.
Performance: unlike ‘Hybrid’, this mode keeps the ICE running because the priority is more on charging the battery than on efficiency. This guarantees that power is instantly and fully available when required. This mode is best suited to situations in which driving pleasure and fun behind the wheel are the main focus.
Qualify: this mode allows the system to achieve maximum power output by allowing the electric motors to work at their maximum potential (162kW). The control logic prioritises performance over battery charging.
VEHICLE DYNAMICS
The exceptional work done to boost the power unit’s power would have all been in vain without in-depth dynamics research and the development of a whole series of solutions to boost the SF90 Stradale’s lap times, whilst simultaneously guaranteeing that drivers of all kinds could make full use of the car’s potential and have fun behind the wheel.
The new hybrid architecture required extensive and lengthy integration work on the car’s many different control logics. The three areas concerned are: the high-voltage system controls (battery, RAC-e, MGUK, inverter), engine and gearbox control and vehicle dynamics controls (traction, braking, Torque Vectoring).
Integrating these areas with the existing vehicle control logics led to the development of the new eSSC (electronic Side Slip Control) vehicle control system. The eSSC introduces three innovative dynamic regulation and distribution strategies for engine torque to all four wheels:
- Electric Traction Control (eTC): optimally manages the availability of the torque – both ICE and electric - distributing it to the individual wheels to suit driving conditions and grip requirements
- brake-by-wire control with ABS/EBD: allows the braking torque to be split between the hydraulic system and the electric motors (brake torque blending), allowing regenerative recovery under braking which actually boosts performance and brake feel rather than compromising them
- Torque Vectoring: available on the front axle to manage electric traction on outside and inside wheel in cornering to maximise traction exiting the corner and help ensure easy, confident, high-performance driving.
LONGITUDINAL DYNAMICS
Thanks to the introduction of the RAC-e electric axle and traction control, eTC (Electronic Traction Control), on all four wheels, it is now possible to exploit the additional grip offered by the front wheels when accelerating. Improved overall grip combined with the improved power delivery from the electric motors at low speeds, has significantly improved the SF90 Stradale’s longitudinal acceleration, making it the new benchmark for standing starts.
Even at high speeds and in higher gears, the combined contribution of the electric motors in maximum traction conditions helps reduce ICE response times, significantly improving longitudinal acceleration and thus performance.
The new brake-by-wire system manages kinetic energy recovery through the electric motors by implementing electronically-controlled blending of hydraulic and electric braking, entirely unnoticed by the driver. Under normal braking conditions, energy recovery using the electric motors is the priority. The hydraulic system intervenes to support the electric one under hard braking.
LATERAL DYNAMICS
The eSSC control logic also supervises how torque is distributed between the front wheels using the RAC-e motors and the electronic control derived from the Torque Vectoring concept, varying between the inside and the outside wheel in cornering based on dynamic conditions with the aim of maximising performance and delivering easier handling.
CHASSIS
Although the extra 270 kg required to incorporate the hybrid system into the car have been amply offset by the extra power delivery (220 cv, with a weight/power ratio for the system alone of 1.23 kg/cv), in-depth research was still required to ensure that overall weight was kept to 1,570 kg, thus guaranteeing a record-breaking weight/power ratio of 1.57 kg/cv.
The chassis has been completely redesigned with a multi-material and multi-technology approach to absorb the extra stresses associated with the new power unit and the introduction of AWD. A number of technological innovations have been introduced, not least hollow castings, which replace the traditional ribbed castings. Other new solutions include an all-carbon-fibre bulkhead between the cabin and the engine and two new aluminium alloys, one of which is a high-strength 7000 series alloy for some of the sheet metal. As a result, the SF90 Stradale chassis boasts 20% higher bending stiffness and 40% higher torsional rigidity than previous platforms without any increase in weight. This has significant advantages for the car’s dynamics. NVH (noise, vibration, harshness) characteristics have also been improved by the use of a new alloy known as ‘quiet aluminium’ for the floor pan.
AERODYNAMICS
The greatest challenge in crafting the aerodynamics of the SF90 Stradale was posed by the need to deliver downforce and aerodynamic efficiency at a level never before achieved either by Ferrari or its competitors, whilst simultaneously guaranteeing that all the subsystems of the new power unit (internal combustion engine, electric motors, battery and inverters) would always function as optimally as possible.
As always, the aerodynamics department worked closely with Ferrari Design and this produced downforce and efficiency figures unmatched by any other car in the segment. Once again, they were achieved in typical Ferrari fashion: rather than using simple add-on elements, the car’s forms were meticulously sculpted.
The results in terms of performance are impressive indeed: thanks to its ability to generate 390kg of downforce at 250 km/h, the SF90 Stradale is now the new benchmark for downforce and efficiency in high-performance road cars.
THERMAL AERODYNAMICS
Smart cooling flow management is the first step in defining a successful car layout and, in this particular case, guaranteeing that 1,000 cv can be efficiently and uncompromisingly unleashed in all kinds of driving conditions without in any way compromising aerodynamic drag and downforce coefficients.
The internal combustion engine, gearbox, turbo-charged air, battery pack and electric motors, the inverters and charging systems and brakes all need cooling. Meticulous attention was paid to the design of the engine bay which houses both the usual internal combustion engine systems that generate temperatures of nearly 900°C, and highly temperature-sensitive electronic components.
The coolant for the internal combustion engine and the gearbox (high temperature circuit) is cooled by two radiators located ahead of the front wheels. The hot air flow coming off those radiators is channelled into the side areas of the underbody rather than along the car’s flanks. This means that the air flow along the flanks is cooler when it enters the air intakes ahead of the rear wheels, thereby boosting the efficiency of the intercooler radiators.
The electric motors and the inverters are cooled by a separate circuit with its own radiator at the front of the car with a central intake on the front bumper.
Lastly, the cooling circuit for the brakes was completely redesigned to meet the demands of the car’s additional performance. In close collaboration with Brembo, Ferrari developed a new brake calliper for the front which is being used for the very first time on a road car. The calliper has an integrated aerodynamic appendage which distributes the highly charged air flow from the special air intake directly under the headlights on the front bumpers, more efficiently to the brake pads and disc. The rear brakes are cooled by the flow from two air intakes on the underbody near the rear wheels.
REAR AERODYNAMICS
In terms of design, the SF90 Stradale’s engine cover has been kept extremely low to improve the interaction between the flows over and under the body, and thus minimise drag.
The end section of the engine cover features a suspended wing divided in two sections: one fixed, which incorporates the third brake light, and one mobile with a wedge-shaped front area. The latter has been dubbed the shut-off Gurney and is under patent. It is also the most innovative downforce management device on the car. In urban usage or at maximum speed, the two sections are aligned and suspended above the engine cover, with the mobile wedge acting as an efficient fairing to the fixed element, allowing the air to flow both above and beneath the shut-off Gurney.
In high downforce conditions (such as driving through corners, braking or in abrupt changes of direction), the mobile element is lowered by a pair of electric actuators, closing the lower blown area and uncovering the fixed element, generating a new tail geometry characterised by a broad load surface topped by a powerful nolder.
The system is controlled by a sophisticated control logic that checks parameters such as speed, acceleration (lateral and longitudinal) and driver inputs, hundreds of times a second in order to establish the most efficient configuration to adopt.
FRONT AERODYNAMICS
Rear downforce is balanced at the front of the car by a complex and optimised system of vortex generators. Although this is not its very first appearance on a Ferrari sports car, the system has been honed to the maximum on the SF90 Stradale: the front section of the chassis has been raised 15 mm compared to the central section of the chassis at the point where the vortex generators are located, thus increasing the amount of air channelled towards them and boosting their effect.
The front bumper is divided into two sections that have specific wing functions. Between the upper section and the bonnet is a pronounced indent that locally compresses the flow. This feature, together with the two diffusers ahead of the front wheels, contributes to generating downforce over the front axle.
FORGED WHEELS WITH BLOWN GEOMETRY
Specific aerodynamic research went into the geometry of the forged wheels which are made using a construction technology that allows greater freedom when it comes to aerodynamic solutions. The specific geometry of the wheels incorporate radial elements on the outer channel which are equally spaced between the spokes and designed to act as wing profiles. The geometry of these profiles mean that the wheel works like a rotor blade, very efficiently managing the flows from inside the wheelarch and guaranteeing two main effects:
Air evacuation from wheel arch is boosted, creating suction that also benefits the flow that passes through the front diffusers, generating extra downforce over the front;
The flow exiting the wheel rim is lined up with the longitudinal flow running along the sides, thereby reducing deviations caused by the air mass exiting at an angle to the direction of movement, thus reducing the car’s Cd.
DESIGN
The SF90 Stradale is the most advanced car in the range from a point of view of performance and technology. The definition of the exterior styling was inspired by that principle: to create a forward-looking, innovative design that transmits the car’s mission as an extreme sports car – Ferrari’s first series production supercar.
Ferrari Design has thus completely revisited the proportions of the front, central and rear volumes in a radical evolution of the forms of Ferrari’s mid-rear-engined production berlinettas of the last twenty years.
The aim was to design a leading-edge extreme car capable of delivering completely unprecedented performance for a Prancing Horse production car. The SF90 Stradale slots in between the mid-rear-engined coupés, today represented by the F8 Tributo, and supercars of the likes of LaFerrari, and is the new standard-bearer for hyper-technological extreme cars brimming with future-forward content.
EXTERIOR
The SF90 Stradale’s architecture, in which the cabin is located ahead of the mid-mounted engine, provided Flavio Manzoni and his team of designers at the Ferrari Styling Centre, with the ideal platform on which to craft a genuine supercar of impeccable proportions.
More compact overhangs (the rear one is shorter than the front one in particular) and the frontward-shift of the cabin have created a cab-forward-type architecture which emphasises the fact that the engine is mid-mounted. A very low centre of gravity has also allowed the designers to lower the cabin area by 20 mm. Combined with a more curved windshield, slender A-posts and a wide track, this creates a beautifully proportioned car with sleeker volumes.
The compact bubble-shaped cabin has an aeronautical cockpit feel and the fact that it has been shifted so far forward is further emphasised by the geometry of the two body-coloured rear flying buttresses that enclose the rear.
Another signature solution is the headlights which hail a move away from the L-shaped look, to a slender slit design integrated with the brake air intakes resulting in a characteristic C-shape which lends the front of the car an original and futuristic appeal.
In an absolute first for a Ferrari, the SF90 Stradale uses matrix LED headlight technology to improve visibility in all driving conditions thanks to active beam control.
The rear of the car is dominated by high exhaust pipes which are the result of optimisation of the exhaust line layout. Because the power- train is significantly lower in the car than in the past, the designers were also able to lower the car’s tail. Another deviation from the styling typical of past berlinettas is the way the profile of the rear screen no longer follows the line from the roof to the rear bumper. This element of styling discontinuity is evidenced by the separation of the screen from the cooling grille.
The tail lights have also evolved quite radically from Ferrari’s iconic round shape. The eye-catching, more horizontal luminous rings create a more horizontal perception of the tail lights which in turn visually lowers the height of the tail.
INTERIOR
While the SF90 Stradale’s exterior was crafted to underscore its seamless combining of form, technology and performance, the interior is even more radical. The very explicit aim there was to create a cockpit that ushered in an entirely new design direction, the effects of which would carry over into Ferrari’s entire future range.
The designers took a futuristic approach to the interface concept with a strong focus on creating a wraparound aeronautically-inspired cockpit with particular emphasis on instruments. This further emphasised and underscored the symbiotic relationship between car and driver. In fact, the SF90 Stradale makes an epoch-changing leap forward both in formal and content terms, updating the Human Machine Interface with all-digital technology.
In a first for a Ferrari, the central instrument cluster comprises a single 16” digital HD screen which curves towards the driver to make it easier to read and to emphasise the F1-style wrap-around cockpit effect. This is the first time this type of screen has been adopted in a production car.
When the engine and motors are off, the onboard instruments go black lending the cockpit a wonderfully sleek, minimalist look. In line with Ferrari tradition, the default screen is dominated by a large circular rev counter which, however, this time is framed by the battery charge indicator. The navigation screen is on one side of the rev counter with the audio control one on the other.
The “hands-on-the-wheel” philosophy has consistently driven the development of the human-machine interface in every Ferrari F1 car and its subsequent gradual transfer to its road-going sports cars. The SF90 Stradale’s steering wheel completes that transfer process from the competition world and also ushers in a new era by introducing a series of touch commands that allow the driver to control virtually every aspect of the car without ever taking their hands off the wheel.
The traditional controls include the now-classic steering-wheel mounted headlight control, windscreen wipers, indicators and the Manettino for driving modes.
Of the new touch controls, the compact but functional pad on the right-hand spoke allows the driver to navigate the central cluster screens, while voice and cruise controls are on the left-hand spoke. Also noteworthy is the adoption of a rotary switch for cruise control, a solution derived directly from the Formula 1 car. In the bottom left section of the central area, there are four buttons the driver uses to select the power unit use mode.
The Head Up Display is another part of the innovative HMI and allows various data to be projected onto the windshield within the driver’s field of vision so that their attention is not distracted from driving.
From a creative perspective, the SF90 Stradale interface project gave the Ferrari Style Centre’s designers the opportunity to interpret the screens in the cabin as a canvas on which all the car’s functions and controls could be represented. The screen graphics on the SF90 Stradale were also designed to create a 3D effect which is particularly striking during transitions, such as when the instrument panel is turned on or when swapping from one screen to the next.
Alongside the new-concept HMI, another major theme tackled in the cabin was the tunnel area interface. The F1 controls on the “bridge” are probably the most iconic of the Ferraris of recent generations. These have been completely redesigned and set into a modern metal plate which references an equally iconic feature from the past: the classic gear lever gate.
7 YEARS MAINTENANCE
Ferrari’s unparalleled quality standards and increasing focus on client service underpin the extended seven-year maintenance programme offered with the SF90 Stradale. Available across the entire Ferrari range, the programme covers all regular maintenance for the first seven years of the car’s life. This scheduled maintenance is an exclusive service that allows clients the certainty that their car is being kept at peak performance and safety over the years. This very special service is also available to owners buying pre-owned Ferraris.
Regular maintenance (at intervals of either 20,000 km or once a year with no mileage restrictions), original spares and meticulous checks by staff trained directly at the Ferrari Training Centre in Maranello using the most modern diagnostic tools are just some of the advantages of the Genuine Maintenance Programme.
The service is available on all markets worldwide and from all Dealerships in the Official Dealership Network.
The Genuine Maintenance programme further extends the range of after-sales services offered by Ferrari to satisfy clients wishing to preserve the performance and excellence that are the signatures of all cars built at the factory in Maranello which has always been synonymous with leading-edge technology and sportiness.
Maranello, 25 March 2019 – Creating an entirely new and modern take on the Ferrari sports prototype concept is both an ambitious and complex undertaking. But it was in this spirit, and with very specific input from the client, that the new Ferrari one-off, the P80/C, was conceived. The Ferrari Styling Centre, under the direction of Flavio Manzoni, and the engineering and aerodynamics team worked hand-in-glove with the client, sharing principles and visions in order to create a new “Hero Car” with an absolutely unique and authentic soul.
The client, a great connoisseur of the Ferrari world, comes from a family of long-time Prancing Horse enthusiasts and admirers, and is himself a highly knowledgeable, discerning Ferrari collector. He was thus the perfect partner with whom to craft such a demanding project which required the highest level of interaction as well as emotional involvement.
The client’s basic brief was to create a modern sports prototype inspired by iconic models from Ferrari’s history: the 330 P3/P4 on the one hand and the 1966 Dino 206 S on the other.
The P80/C thus set the Ferrari Styling Centre an ambitious target: to develop a new kind of product that simply did not exist in the current Ferrari range: a sports prototype inspired by the cars that essentially wrote their own styling rules becoming, in the process, famous icons that, although conceived as track cars, also went on to influence a whole series of elegant road cars. A case in point is the very close relationship between, for instance, the Dino 206 S racing car and the production Dino 206/246 GT. Both versions share a common DNA despite having a different styling lexicon: Ferrari racing elements appear in the case of the former while the latter have the more sober, refined lines of the road cars.
The Ferrari Styling Centre’s goal was to create a resolutely modern car that made no major concessions to the past, apart from attempting to recreate the sensual shape of those iconic models through more muscular wings formed by the intersection of concave and convex surfaces.
Kicked off in 2015, the P80/C project had the longest development time of any Ferrari one-off made to date. This highly intense gestation period was the result of in-depth styling research and lengthy engineering development, with meticulous analysis of performance parameters as well as scrupulous aerodynamic testing, all with a different approach than taken by Ferrari with its one-off cars in the past.
Normally speaking, this kind of car tends to be a stylistic reinterpretation of models in the current range - a new concept or basic idea that marks a departure from the donor car is built on existing running gear. The glorious history of Italian coachbuilding is just that: a wealth of exceptional cars based on the same chassis, but bodied by different coachworks.
The P80/C, however, is radically different. It is a track car, which means that performance is a major factor so this not only pointed the design team in the direction of a design that was absolutely unique, but also forced them to make radical changes to the running gear of the donor car. This involved introducing specific features required to guarantee a captivating marriage of style, technical prowess and aerodynamics.
The decision was made to use the 488 GT3 chassis as a basis, not only for its performance, but also for its longer wheelbase (+ 50 mm compared to the 488 GTB) which allowed more creative freedom. With respect to the Ferrari 488’s classic layout in which the cockpit tends to be placed centrally, the GT chassis allowed the designers to emphasis a cab forward-effect in which the rear is elongated, lending the car a more aggressive, compact character. This was one of the cornerstones of the P80/C’s styling from the early stages of the design process.
A decisive wedge shape dominates the side view at the front of the car. The muscular forms of the front and rear wings with the cockpit set in between are emphasised by very broad buttresses that expand towards the side air intakes. This gives the impression that the cabin is completely fused with the body, and is accentuated still further by the wrap-around windscreen which references the iconic look of sports prototypes of the past. The flying buttresses converge towards the roof underlining the visor effect of the greenhouse. All of these features are references not only to the 330 P3/P4 but also homage to the Dino and the 250 LM berlinettas.
The side windows merge graphically with a wide pocket created by the side air intakes giving a dynamic downward movement to the rear flanks. This disruptive line balances the wedge-shaped front flanks and visually separates the rear section from the rest of the car.
Seen from above, it is clear that the bodywork is widest over the front axle, but then narrows sharply, creating a tightly sculpted waistline around the rear door before broadening out again dramatically at the tail. This particularly iconic kind of architecture is also emphasised by flying buttress-type C-pillars which are physically detached from the cabin. On the one hand, the C-pillars wraparound the intercooler air intakes, while on the other, they accentuate the sharp drop in height between the roof and the surfaces of the rear engine cover. Compared to a more normal continuation of the roofline over the engine cover, a more extreme solution was preferred, creating a large void rear of the cockpit with a vertical rear screen.
Aerodynamic development was based on the experience gained with the 488 GT3, but was not governed by the restrictions imposed by international regulations. Thus the front splitter is specific and, while the expansion curve and vortex generators of the rear diffuser are the same as those used on the GT3, the external surfaces are all unique to the P80/C. The result is an improvement of around 5% in overall efficiency, required to make full use of the unrestricted engine.
The objective was to balance the upper bodywork’s downforce evenly over the two axles, making full use of the 488 GT3’s underbody. The configuration of the rear bodywork required the adoption of an aerodynamic profile that sits immediately rear of the trailing edge of the roof to provide a strong recompression of the flow rearwards, reinforcing the downforce generated by the tail and the wing. This aerodynamic profile was inspired by the T-wing adopted in Formula 1 in 2017 and here is designed to reduce the length of the flow over the rear, creating the effect of a very short ‘virtual’ rear windscreen and an extremely limited separation bubble.
The front of the car has a catamaran-style formal geometry. The jutting effect of the nose is underscored by its almost wing-like shape which the interplay of voids highlights very effectively. The large radiator air vents are located just behind this wing-like structure and these outlets over the front bonnet underline the powerfully muscular wings.
The fact that the P80/C is homologated only for track use meant that it could do without components that would be deemed vital in a road car, and which would also heavily influence its styling. Classic head lights have essentially disappeared. Or rather they have been reduced to mere slits set into niches at the front of the car reminiscent of the air intake housings in the grille of the 330 P3/P4. Unlike the 330, however, in the P80/C, said housings are not set into an oval grille but look more like two pockets carved out of the front of the car.
The same styling element reappears at the rear of the car. The rear spoiler is very wide to meet aerodynamic requirements and incorporates the two signature tail lights in a way that makes them look like air vents, thus perfectly reflecting the design of the front.
Even the rear fascia, which leaves the running gear fully visible, has a catamaran-type architecture. This allowed the inside to be completed devoid of bodywork. In fact, its sole occupant is a grille to help evacuate heat from the engine bay. The space left is occupied by a huge rear diffuser which seems almost to be separate from the rest of the car.
The adoption of a concave rear windscreen and aluminium louvres on the engine cover, a reference to the 330 P3/P4, gives the P80/C’s tail an instantly recognisable and unique look.
At the client’s request, the car was designed with a dual soul: a racing set-up, which includes quite a showy carbon-fibre wing and 18” single-nut wheels, and an exhibition package complete with 21” wheels but devoid of aerodynamic appendages, to highlight the purity of its forms.
The P80/C’s design language was crafted to be instantly clear. Although made entirely from carbon-fibre, only the parts with strictly technical functions have been left bare, while the main car body has been painted a bright statement Rosso Vero. The name was chosen by the client, proving that his loyalty to Ferrari’s sports prototype tradition extends all the way to colour.
The interior is very much the same as that of the donor car with a roll cage integrated into the bodywork. The side sections of the dashboard have been redesigned from the version seen on the 488 GT3, as have the seat upholstery and door panels – the latter are now carbon-fibre shells and no have no impact on the car’s weight.